Purchasing New Cars is NOT the Best Way to Help Environment :: Automobiles Global Warming Climate Change

An ever increasing number of families have their own vehicle. Thus, the air in urban communities is progressively contaminated. Proprietors ought to be done to change to less dirtying vehicles. What exactly degree do you concur? With the monetary development of the general public, an ever increasing number of families can claim cars of their own. Therefore, in this way caused intense condition issues, the air contamination inside the city zone is deteriorating step by step. Residents’ day by day lives are influenced by the contamination, and essential life necessity, for example, breath natural air gets inaccessible. Far more detestable that the future day to day environment of our kids is genuinely undermined. We should call up the inner voice of our drivers and shanghai government to take activities to secure the earth, and keep the contamination as low as possible. This article will take a gander at the bit of leeway and impediment of the administration making vehicle proprietors purchase rehire which produce less contamination. The upside of the administration making vehicle proprietors purchase new vehicles supplanting old smoke producer will profit the improving of nature, additionally in a similar time animate the advancement of the car business, and then advantage the monetary development. Additionally the improvement of the vehicle business will offer a chance of social reemployment. Then again, this arrangement can likewise change people’s point of view of living and thought of the natural issues. Make individuals more worry about the preservation of nature, and summon their still, small voice to secure the earth. By in this manner we can diminish the contamination, and improve condition. So changing new vehicles will likewise make the city looks thriving, diminish the fumes outflow, and make individuals more advantageous. Be that as it may, each coin has different sides, the greatest hindrance of purchasing new vehicles is it makes more removals of the old vehicles, which will end up being an immense weight of society. How would we manage these new removals, where should these old vehicles go to, and how would we disassemble them. There will be another condition issue rise for us to comprehend. Additionally then again, individuals need to spend more cash on changing new vehicles, which will carry more weights to their lives. These are the most disservices we need to consider Taking everything into account, by dissecting the preferences and detriments, I for one think it isn't the most ideal approach to improve the earth and diminish the contamination by buying new vehicles.

Five Reasons Why Blogging Leads to Writing Jobs

Five Reasons Why Blogging Leads to Writing Jobs Five Reasons Why Blogging Leads to Writing Jobs Five Reasons Why Blogging Leads to Writing Jobs By Ali Hale Every day Writing Tips has just secured Five reasons why blogging improves your composition. Yet, once you’ve cleaned up your abilities, and become used to composing oftentimes and getting input, blogging can likewise assist you with getting paid for your composition. 1. It’s a free (or modest) approach to independently publish your composition Posting your composition on a blog is a type of independently publishing, regardless of whether you don’t consider it that way. All things considered, blogging programming utilizes a Publish catch to present a post, and in the event that you run Google Adsense on your blog, Google alludes to you as a Publisher. Previously, to get distributed you either convinced a proofreader to print your work, or you paid to have the piece printed yourself. Blogging permits you to independently publish for nothing (or at the little expense of facilitating and a web association). On the off chance that your blog gets well known, you could run promotions to bring in some cash or welcome sponsorship from organizations †look over to one side to see some of Daily Writing Tips’s supports. 2. Blogging causes you develop an arrangement of pieces Perhaps the hardest thing about beginning as an independent essayist is getting together an arrangement of your composition to show potential customers. Having a blog permits you to develop an example of distributed pieces that you can use to show your composing ability. In the event that you’re meaning to utilize blogging to begin your portfolio, why not compose visitor posts for different web journals? For instance, I have Daily Writing Tips, Diet Blog, Freelance Switch, The Change Blog, Dumb Little Man and Pick the Brain on my rundown of locales I’ve composed for. Editors may pay attention to you more on the off chance that they can see that others think your composing is adequate to distribute. 3. You get the chance to expound on subjects that you love †and construct your skill and qualifications Much has been said about the need to have a blog on a specialty theme †one subject that you expound consistently on, instead of attempting to incorporate everything that you’re keen on. This makes it a lot simpler to develop an intrigued readership, yet it additionally assists with building your insight about the point. On the off chance that you’re perusing different online journals and books regarding your matter and composing unique material a few times each week, you’ll in all likelihood be discovering some new information. Having a settled blog on a specific theme is an incredible method to exhibit your skill. For instance, on the off chance that you need to compose film surveys for a paper, highlighting your long-running web journal with a week by week gather together of the most recent discharges could be an incredible method to demonstrate that you’re capable. 4. A mainstream blog could prompt a book bargain In the disconnected world, the offer of â€Å"blooks† is rising †books dependent on web journals. A few bloggers who I read have marked book bargains: Darren Rowse from Problogger, Shauna Reid from The Amazing Adventures of Diet Girl and Jennette Fulda (otherwise known as PastaQueen) from Half of Me. Furthermore, obviously, there are some extremely popular models, for example, Belle de Jour’s The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl. On the off chance that your blog turns out to be huge, it very well might grab the eye of a specialist. What's more, regardless of whether the operators aren’t calling you at this time, a blog could assist you with selling your own book. Elizabeth Soutter Schwarzer (‘Liz’ or ‘DaMomma’) from Motherhood isn't for Wimps has independently published one book and has another in transit. Collis and Cyan Ta’eed from Freelance Switch independently published How to be a Rockstar Freelancer (in both digital book and printed arranges) and have another book in transit, How to be a Rockstar WordPresser. Numerous different bloggers offer phenomenal free articles on their blog yet in addition sell digital books which go into more profundity on similar points. 5. In the event that you’re a consultant, a blog is an incredible showcasing apparatus Notable bloggers who distribute definitive and elegantly composed posts can utilize their blog as a mean of showcasing themselves. Skellie does this splendidly on Skelliewag, with a â€Å"Hire me† page and advertisments on the correct hand side for her own administrations. Harry and James from Men with Pens have â€Å"Guns for Hire† which clarifies the composition and configuration administrations which they offer. Ensure your blog tells potential customers how they can connect. In the event that somebody cherishes your blog’s style and substance, they may well need to employ you. Additionally, sites will in general position well in web search tools (because of the measure of substance, and in light of the fact that different web journals frequently need to connection to your posts), so you’ll have more noteworthy perceivability on the web. On the off chance that you have a blog, has it helped you †legitimately or by implication †to bring in cash from your composition? In the event that you’re not blogging yet, do you have thoughts of how you’d like to utilize a blog? Need to improve your English quickly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Freelance Writing classification, check our mainstream posts, or pick a related post below:The Royal Order of Adjectives 7 Tips for Writing a Film ReviewEmpathic or Empathetic?

Discovering Product Design through Photography

Discovering Product Design through Photography Although this blog probably wouldve been more appropriately posted at the beginning of the year, I think the photographs that our freshmen took deserve to be shared with the blogosphere! Discover Product Design is a freshman preorientation program (FPOP) at MIT, which I participated in as a freshman and now help coordinate! During the short five day program, we introduce the freshman to the world of product design through a variety of interactive lectures, awesome design projects, and some visits to firms like Eleven, THE MEME, and even a hardware accelerator called Bolt. They also get a chance to explore the city of Boston and learn about resources on campus where they can build things themselves! Id definitely share more details about the program on the blog, but I dont want to ruin it for all you future prefrosh out there who might take the program when you come here!  However, you can get a better idea of what we do in the program by taking a look at all the students photos online here!   Great job DPD 2013 students! Thanks for making it our best year yet :)

Mice and Men - 822 Words

â€Å"Of Mice and Men† The Great Depression took place in the United States in the 1930s. Northern California, Salinas Valley was affected by the Great Depression. Many farmers lost their properties and were forced to find other work. Banks were forced to foreclose on mortgages’ and had to collect debts. Hundreds of thousands of farmers packed up their families and few belongings, and headed for California. The Great Depression left many people in poverty and caused them to face unpleasant events. This is how life was like for the characters in Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. Mostly all the characters in this novel suffered from loneliness. Some of the men desired to come together in a way that would allow them to be like brothers to one†¦show more content†¦Crook’s actions are significant because loneliness cause people to spend their time by themselves. In the novel Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck uses characterization of dialogue and actions to reveal that one can be surrounded by a group and still be lonely. The use of dialogue proves that the characters are lonely even though they are working closely together. Also, through the characterization of actions the author reveals that most of the men are lonely and that the men occupy themselves even though they are with a group of people. John Steinbeck’s theme applies to the entire would because it proves that loneliness affects everyone at one time or another. It changes the way a person thinks and behaves. When people feel lonely their actions and way of life are affected. Nobody can run away from loneliness even if they live with a group of people. It’s a trait that no one can get ridShow MoreRelatedOf Mice and Men1242 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan states that, in the state of nature mans life is nasty, brutish and short. 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A striper is going to be a different person than a CEO of a successful business. It’s all about how you present yourself. In Of Mice and Men, Curley s wife presents herself in a seductiveRead MoreOf Mice and Men883 Words   |  4 Pages‘Of Mice and Men’ is a novel about two men and their struggle to reach their dreams of owning their own ranch. George Milton and Lennie Small are best friends, and in despite of their differences they still manage to work together, travel together and tackle anything that gets in their way. Steinbeck uses nearly all of the characters in this novel to stress the importance of having a friend. The novel ironically starts off in Soledad, which means ‘Solitude’ but when translated into English it meansRead MoreOf Mice and Men2269 Words   |  10 PagesOf Mice and Men John Steinbeck World Literature Mrs. Finke December 7, 2012 Of Mice and Men: A Classic for the Ages Thesis: Despite some impurity Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck should be considered as a classic due to its honesty, truth, loveliness, justice and of good report. I. Introduction II. Impurity A. Swearing B. Violence C. Economic poverty D. Psychological corruption III. Honesty A. Steinbeck’sRead Moreof men and mice1198 Words   |  5 PagesBookreport on „Of Mice and Menâ€Å" The novel „Of Men and Miceâ€Å" was published in 1937 and is written by John Steinbeck. The first edition of the book has 107 pages and can be devided into six different sections. The novel plays during the Great Depression, in California. The Author himself grew up in a fertile agricultural valley about twentey-five miles from the Pacific Coast. The maine Charachters are two migrant workers, Lenni Small and George Milton. Two very different men, who travel

The Position Of Accountant Recent Graduate Program

It seems that I failed to identify that the position of Accountant Recent graduate program is a the level of GS-07. I have a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) with concentrations in Finance, Public Policy, and Supply Chain Management, from Rutgers Business School. I also have an Accounting degree, and a Military Sciences degree, and several years of experience. I would be honor to work for the Direct Investment Division (DID), and In fact I am actively looking for positions that match my education, and experience more accurately at this government branch. Further, I believe that based on the education and experience requirements at the GS pay scale that I qualified for at least a GS-11 level. For this reasons, I don t consider that the Accountant Recent graduate position aligns to my credentials. However, if you think that there can be any type of accommodations, or if there are any other jobs that you think I can interview for, I would be more than happy to drive to Washingt on DC. Again, thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Juan F. Arias Rutgers MBA Class of 2016 From: Jennifer.Rodriguez@bea.gov To: juanfer-23@hotmail.com CC: Demetria.McCormick@bea.gov Subject: FW: Interview Date: Thu, 11 Feb 2016 11:54:12 +0000 Good morning Mr. Arias, I am reaching out because I realize I left out important information when asking Demetria to set up these interviews. We have also been interviewing for interns recently, i.e. student trainees, and I hadShow MoreRelatedAssessment 1- Foundations Of Professional Planning- 9799.1195 Words   |  5 PagesThe Industry- Accountant The Accounting industry plays a major role in Australia in collecting taxes paid by individuals, sole traders, and various companies. 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Oleana as a Tragedy Free Essays

Oleana presents many definitive traits that could categorise it as a tragedy. The most prominent is the presence of a ‘harnartia’, executed by John. Harnartia is Greek terminology that translates literally to â€Å"missing the mark†, and was often used to depict the ‘Hero’s fatal flaw. We will write a custom essay sample on Oleana as a Tragedy or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the case of Oleana, it could be argued that John committed the fatal error’ of breaching the lawful gap between teacher and student by â€Å"placing his arm around† Carol while trying to soothe her. This sentimental reaction is generally condoned by the audience, despite the legal implications, as the motional reasoning behind it temporarily clouds the unprofessional elements. Ultimately these actions result in a string of misfortune. Tragedies also have a reputation for elating the audience, and encouraging conflicting emotions for the characters. Such is arguably achieved, as Carol is portrayed as a youthful woman whom is insecure in her own academic abilities and correspondingly becomes a victim to John’s crass, arrogant attitude as is shown by an extreme amount of ellipsis and interruptions in their earlier interactions. She is also strained by that of her own group’ whom convince her to liberate the dramatic allegations that guarantied John’s downfall. However, she is also represented as vindictive and headstrong, as is shown by her dialogue in the last act wherein she attempts to blackmail John into rebuking his book: â€Å"If you would like me to speak to the tenure committee, here is my list. You are a free person, you decide. John is firstly depicted as a brash and slightly aloof man with good intentions, but as the story develops, these quirks lose their initial romance and his character appears intrusive and pompous, due to his esquipedalian qualities. He dominates the conversation and ushers Carol repeatedly; an action which is generally regarded as being extremely derogatory and advocates the belief that his elder status gives him a right to be condescending. Even disregarding the fact that they are of opposite sexes, it is strenuous to reach a conclusive, untainted resolve, and thus the desired effect is achieved. It is common in tragedies to have a ‘reversal’ of fortune; this could be aligned with John’s looming loss of power, Job, home, and, effectively, life, due to Carol’s persecution. A great deal of his loss is arguably down to John’s insolent action of belittling the resonance of a higher power; in this case the Tenure Committee. He believes that they will revoke the statement, and thus foolishly provides Carol with more opportunities to amplify damning evidence. This is an unmistakable trait in variations of Tragedies, generally tagged ‘hubris’, wherein the equilibrium is only achieved after the hero suffers for their imprudence towards the Gods. Lastly, a key feature in any play is the chorus; a seemingly detached group, whom gather to inflict Judgements and muse over the ighteousness of the character’s actions throughout. The most relevant comparison to this in Oleana is the presence of the telephone, and the confliction and distraction it brings. This ongoing chaos could possibly be interpreted as foreshadowing for the misfortune that John was fated to experience, or the general tone of condemnation regarding John’s various inappropriate actions towards Carol. In conclusion, there are many connections that can be made between a typical tragedy production and Oleana, and it would be completely valid to place Oleana in that genre. Oleana as a Tragedy By saraelnairree How to cite Oleana as a Tragedy, Papers

The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example Essay Example

The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example Paper The best pictures of swimmers Essay Introduction I proceeded to select something in the same range of interest, but not entailing as much to handle. Still hoping to create a project in the fashion industry, I decided on merely just creating a portfolio of designs I wish to create. After my sketches I would finalize them with a detailed drawing complete with colors. I would put the designs in a giant book resembling a scrapbook. Along with that I would find fabrics to go along with each article of clothing. Instead of creating the clothes, I would be gathering samples of materials. This seemed like fun to me, and I was excited to begin. I started with a few designs and focusing on perfection. After those were finished, it was harder than I thought to find fabrics that would suit each creation and accessories. That was just a small problem though. My interest was starting to deteriorate. The Personal Project is a year long affair. Even though this seemed fickle, I needed a topic I could commit to. This seemed almost too easy and just seemed all too familiar to me. Based on the advice of former sophomores, they told me that it was of great importance to pick an idea that would lead into new excitements and keep me hooked on the project. The best pictures of swimmers Essay Body Paragraphs This was something that I have been doing for a hobby since middle school. The Personal Project is supposed to broaden horizons and I was looking forward to venturing into the unknown. I felt that my portfolio was limiting the possibilities and I was not taking advantage of such a golden opportunity to try something foreign to me. Therefore I decided to go into a new direction. Discouraged by the lack of fulfillment that fashion brought me and the failures of my former ideas, I desired complete opposition. I ruled out anything even relating to fashion and instead focused on another interest: writing and drawing. I wanted to incorporate writing and drawing into a children’s book. Children’s books are rich in colors and vibrant pictures which I have a knack for. They also require climatic and exaggerated storylines which I enjoy writing. Also, they need a creative layout and presentation. Many of these elements would help me not only with this book I was planning to creat e, but I could possibly acquire new skills for my career as an editor. As I began working, I felt this starting to go downhill too. It was boring and seemed so unoriginal. I needed to add sparkle with a new concept. What a better way to do that by adding one of my stronger classes of Spanish into the mix? By making the book bilingual, I would be strengthening my existing knowledge of the Spanish language and I would be learning new aspects. This was surely something I could stay dedicated to. I worked hard to come up with a storyboard and especially on pictures to accompany the plot. In fact, I was quite in to the drawing part. Still, I could not envision this standing out amongst other projects. I feed off attention and I wanted mine to be amazing, something that others will envy and more importantly something I could be proud of and remember forever. This seemed all too similar to other people’s works. In fact, one of my classmates had a striking resemblance to this exact i dea. I could not share the spotlight with someone else. If wanted something that defined who I am and to be one of a kind. If this project was being duplicated by another, there is no way that I can rightfully call this my own. It could not mark just my personal development. It was not until winter when I finally came up with the perfect project. Briefly aforementioned is my involvement in swimming. This was one of the first interests to be ruled out because I quickly came to the conclusion that nothing can evolve into a year long study. Many past projects were videos or creating a team. But with swimming a video would be impossible and inappropriate. And developing a team requires much more than just having kids sign up. I would have to be of legal age and go through many six month long application projects. Also, coaching requires immense experience. I could not ethically teach kids proper stroke knowing there are better people suited for the position. I do, however, have quite an amount of knowledge of the sport, for my past coaches and my coach at the present time are all amazing. One of my more recent coaches and the one I have had the longest, has been especially helpful and really transforming me into the athlete I am today and I wish to pass on the expertise that he has bestowed upon me. Initially I completely bypassed any ideas because I was close minded and could not figure out a way to intertwine all of that with tangibility. After the crash of the previous idea though, the ideal project came to mind. As previously stated, I want to be an editor of a magazine. No one said it had to be fashion. There are numerous fashion magazines dominating the periodical industry. Yet I could not help but notice that there are very few swimming magazines. All of which are bimonthly and are brief. I knew exactly what I should do: create a magazine. I would design it for teen swimmers who are dedicated and want to be the best they can be. It would include basics of s troke and technique and tweaks to perfect it. In addition to that I would have proper nutrition for the active teen which is something I could easily attain data upon. Also, I would feature the latest swimming news about innovative products with ads to complement it and famous swimmers along with top times. At first I thought I would be doing this cover to cover. However, I am no expert in all of the areas I wish to include. All of the basis of information would be from the internet and other magazines which do not make it new to avid readers and I would feel like I am not finding out new facts on my own. I feel that a storyboard along with sample pages would carry across the general idea of my magazine. The storyboard would show the general content breaking up the subjects and giving a general feel for the magazine. The sample pages would display the layout and readability of the periodical. Along with that would be articles that I would use in the real thing. I would need to get i nformation to do this and have valid sources from experts and other sources. Some of these sources unfortunately must be the internet and other book and periodicals because I do not have enough experience for me to be the sole informant. I am no Olympian and my swimming itself is no where near perfection. Also, time or location does not allow me to find all the needed experts and interview them, but I do have enough from coaches and personal accounts to have firsthand knowledge. I plan on the nutrition and wellness to be the strongest point of my magazine. I can arrange an appointment with a couple of nutritionists and interview my pediatrician for accurate health and diet specifics. Now that my topic was established, it was time to create a time table and plan of action for this to be followed through. First order of business was coming up with a snazzy name. Even though this was not top priority the name would confirm that this is my Personal Project and just make it seem more rea l to me. The name is important so I feel like I am fully committed and cannot turn back. I went through a series. I carefully thought of other names of magazines and what they do for them and how they apply to content. For example, Cosmopolitan. It is a woman’s sort of â€Å"how-to guide† for life. The name describes what the normal lady wants to be with a hip and suggestive name. It means for someone to fit in and be part of society, which, lets face it, everyone wants to be just that. The New Yorker is often associated with the elite of academia and writing. Also a New Yorker is thought to be one of a society of innovation. Therefore that name perfectly suits it. I want mine to be distinct, but still fun and youthful. I need it to hint at the fact it’s a swimming magazine without being blunt like Teen’s Swim and Nutrition. Therefore, after much deliberation, I came up with Eat My Wake. Secondly, I must have material to publish. I would start with someth ing small like topics of articles. I knew that I was not going to publish an entire issue. So I needed to carefully choose what I was going to write sample articles on. These would be pretty general to ensure maximum understanding of the magazine’s purpose. I decided that a guide to each stroke with an introduction, key movements, and tweaks to perfection would be good to cover the stroke aspect of the topics. For nutrition, I would describe ideal foods and diets for better performance along with suggested calorie count and necessary nutrients. Finally, I would have recent swimming news and momentous meet updates (this would be the last thing to write about so I can include the most recent information at the time the Personal Project is presented). In the back of the magazine would be top times for all age groups and world records so swimmers can compare themselves to the leaders of the country. Then I needed to think of what I wanted to use that would illustrate my articles. The best pictures of swimmers are those nearest to perfection. These are our Olympian athletes and role models that we aspire to be. I wish I had a team of photographers to go and get my own original pictures of them, but the closest I will have is the internet and other magazines and posters. So I scanned these looking for action shots portraying what I focus on in a particular article. Pictures rich in movement are motivating and easy to admire. After finding pictures I would move on the part requiring the most attention: the articles. We will write a custom essay sample on The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven versus Smoke Signals

The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven versus Smoke Signals Free Online Research Papers What does it mean to be an Indian? First of all you have to be a warrior and to look like a warrior, to look â€Å"stoic†, secondly you have to be connected with Mother Earth by understanding the sound of nature and what it wants to say, then you necessarily have to have visions, to ride horses and to hunt buffalos. This is what most of the people think when they say â€Å"Indian†. But Sherman Alexie ,in his volume â€Å"The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven† and then the movie Smoke Signals based on one story from this volume- Thus Is What it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona- try to present the image of the real Indian in the real life and work against this â€Å"formerly-held stereotypes to form a new, uniquely Spokane identity† all these in a humorous, ironic manner. Alexie, in his volume tries to reinvent the way back to tradition of the modern Indians. They are people with double identity who don’t know how to report themselves to their traditions, how to react towards it, what is important and what is less important. Sometimes, in most of the cases, they make fun of their history and traditions and realize that now ,they are totally different and that they have to live in the real life although sometimes we sense a feeling of melancholy towards the past, because then ,the Indians had a role, a purpose, now , they have nothing â€Å"it is too late to be warriors in the old way. All horses are gone†. Now they have only stereotypes to face, alcohol to survive and broken dreams .†Alexies characters confront the dilemma of how to be real Indians, of how to find their true names, their adult names , of how to find a warrior dignity and courage when it is too late to be warriors in the old way, of how to ameliorate what Adrian C . Louis has termed the ghost-pain of history that haunting sense of personal and cultural loss that generates a paralyzing† .(Jerome Denuccio) The characters Alexie has created are aware of the stereotypes that are commonly associated with them and they are working to make fun of and unmask the traditional conception of the Indian character. In the end this is what Alexie wanted: to accomplish a criticism of the stereotypical portrayal of Indian life. In an interview Alexie criticizes the traditional Native American literature and its writers who wrote â€Å"wish fulfillment books† .He even indicates N. Scott Momaday’ Pulitzer Prize winning â€Å"House Made of Dawn† .The struggles of his character are different from Abel’s –the main character on Momaday, and the solutions they find to understand their identity are also different because â€Å"they are Indians who do not fit the traditional mold of Indian character†. We are shown the anguish the characters experience when Thomas-Builds-The-Fire compares time with skeletons. Your past is a skeleton walking one step behind you, and your future is a skeleton walking one step in front of you. Indians, thus, are always trapped in the now. But the skeletons are not necessarily evil, unless you let them be. Because these skeletons are made of memories, dreams, and voices, and because they are wrapped up in the now, it becomes imperative to keep moving, keep walking, in step with your skeletons.( Jerome DeNuccio)) This comparison demonstrates that Alexie is trying to make their characters get out of the trap of the suspended Indian, the one with no connection to reality. The story â€Å"This is what it means to say Phoenix, Arizona† presents the journey of Victor and Thomas to obtain the remains of Victor’s dead father. In the text Alexie subverts the stereotypes of Indians again with trikery and irony. The film, Smoke Signals is mostly based on the story and all the characters are interpreted by native American actors. †The film is so relaxed about its characters, so much at home in their world, that we sense it’s an inside job†. While Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven was a series of discrete stories about a single group of characters, the film attempts to render them into one. â€Å"Alexies stories fictionalize a real life, a life of drunkenness, unemployment and basketball. Thomass narrative can be seen as a way not only of rationalizing the brutality of reservation life, but also of coping with it†. In Smoke Signals there seems to be pressure on Alexie and Eyre(the director) to conform to a Holly wood road movie format. What we don’t manage to see in the movie but we do see in the book is the cruelty of this isolated life in the reservation, a life without a future. The film begins with the shot of the traffic reporter, who is also the radio dj in the reservation saying â€Å"It’s a good day to be indigenous†. After this he scrutinizes an intersection that doesn’t seem to be very used and he announces â€Å"A big truck just went by† and then we hear a chorus from a song about John Wayne’s false teeth. This is how the spectator is introduced to the reservation of these Spokane Indians. The movie opens in Idaho on a significant day: the Fourth of July ,1976.It’s an important day for America ,but not for the Indians because in the end it was not their independence. In spite of that they celebrate it year after year. This year was a significant day also for the infant Thomas-Builds-The-Fire, who is saved from death by being thrown from the window when his house burns down. He is saved by Arnold Joseph, a neighbor with a drinking problem who has a son of the same age, Victor. Thomas and Victor grow up together but Thomas has a flaw, in the eyes of the others: he is a storyteller. Although in ancient times, being a storyteller was a pride in the community, nowadays it has become a shame. Now he is â€Å"that crazy Indian storyteller with ratty old braids and broken teeth† as Victor describes him. But Thomas is aware of the importance of his stories when he says: â€Å"We are all given one thing by which our lives are measured, one determination. Mine are the stories which can change or not change the world. It doesn’t matter which as long as I continue to tell the stories[†¦] I have no brothers or sisters. I have only my stories which came to me before I even had words to speak. I learned a thousand stories before I took my first thousand steps. They are all I have. It’s all I can do .† Thomas, by his storytelling represents the old Indian, in connection with the past , but he is not the traditional warrior, savage, exotic. He is a kid mocked at and beaten up for his storytelling that brings everybody to exasperation. And this is because none of them has the ability to understand him. Their are confused about their identity, ashamed with their past of which want to get rid. As an adult ,Thomas’s life is filled with the same absence of friends and ridicule because the others see him and accept him as an oddity, rather than someone who can teach them about their past. But with this story Alexie(and in the movie) shows that in that reservation exists at least one person who notices his stories and their purpose for him as a person, and that is Victor. We notice that Thomas is used as a source of humor but always with a role, to stress the wrong image the others have of Indians and tradition and to erase the stereotype. The first example is when Victor meets Thomas at the store, after his father died. †Their conversation is an opportunity for Alexie to poke fun at the myth that Indians have a greater connection to the earth and can listen to the wind to tell the future.† â€Å"Victor, I’m sorry about your father† Thomas said. â€Å"How did you know about it?† Victor asked. â€Å"I heard it on the wind. I heard it from the birds. I felt it in the sunlight. Also, your mother was just in here crying†. Here Thomas is the image of the suspended Indian with no connection to reality and also an instrument of sarcasm. The role of Thomas’s storytelling is also didactic because teach us and the one who listen to him many things about the life in the reservation. For example, the story told in a summer, when the two were kids, is a state of Indian reservation life and presents the lack of a role for the Indian boys to fulfill nowadays. †There were these two Indian boys who wanted to be warriors. But it was too late to be warriors in the old way. All the horses were gone. So the two Indian boys stole a car and drove to the city. They parked the stolen car in front of the police station and then hitchhiked back home to the reservation. When they got back, all their friend cheered and their parent’s eyes shone with pride. You were brave, everybody said to the Indian boys. Very brave.†. This is an amusing but at the same time a sad story of the inability of the boys to be warriors. The movie is interesting because we manage to see the faces and reactions of the real Indians, the Indians who are not victims of their culture, who don’t live in the past and define themselves by the crimes committed against their people. They are just ordinary people, trying to survive and to understand and discover themselves, not their ancestors; they are the next generation. When his father is dead and he wants to go and pick up his ashes, Victor finds himself in the situation of not having enough money to go to Phoenix. But Thomas has this money and he offers to buy the bus tickets if Victor takes him along. This is not an easy decision for Victor who has never liked the â€Å"skinny, talkative Thomas†, being a quiet, proud man. Before leaving for Arizona Victor’s mother tells him that he should listen to the others too and that tradition is important. This can be an announcement of the fact that, till the end Victor will manage to discover himself and to understand the role of Thomas in his life. â€Å"As they are on the way to Arizona ,the two characters talk and the dialogue becomes the heart of the movie†. At a certain moment, the reserved Victor, impatient with Thomas’s chatter accuses him of having learned most of what he knows about Indians by watching â€Å"Dances with wolves† and advises him to spend more time looking â€Å"stoic†. In order to be an Indian he says that he should look mean, like a warrior, to leave his hair free, not braided and to get rid of the suit. Victor: â€Å"†¦I mean, how many times have you seen Dances with Wolves ?A hundred? two hundred times? †¦Oh, jeez, you have seen it that many times, haven’t you? Man, do you think that shit is real? God. Don’t you even know to how to be a real Indian? Thomas (whispering): I guess not Victor (disgusted): Well, shit, no wonder. Jezz, I guess I’ll have to teach you then, enit? First of all, quit grinning like an idiot. Indians ain’t supposed to smile like that. Get stoic†¦You got to look like you just got back from killing a buffalo. Thomas: But our tribe never hunted buffalo. We were fishermen. Victor: What? You want to look like you just came back from catching fish? It ain’t Dances with Salmon, you know? Man, you think a fisherman is tough? Thomas, you got to look like a warrior. â€Å"This scene plays with the notion of a stereotyped Indian identity and ends up confronting racism face to face. At the next stop Thomas returns from the toilet a different figure, his hair unbraided, his suit replaced by a Frybread Power T-shirt and jeans. He is happy and relaxed, only to find two rednecks have taken their seats. The deflation is palpable.† The scene is also a good example of how Victor rejects stereotypes and at the same time embraces them .He is confused. He doesn’t know who he is, but till the end, when both of them will obtain the ashes, they will also obtain some wisdom, they will discover each other: â€Å"the taciturn, inward man who was abused as a child, and the orphan who, it is true, seems to have gotten his world view at secondhand through the media†. The two boys represent the future, but Arnold, Victor’s father is the past. He is a more complicated person than his son imagines and he is able to inspire the respect of the woman he was living with in Phoenix. There are some flashbacks in the movie that help in the revealing of the true character of the man to his son who has only resentment against him. First of all he finds out that his father was the one who set the house on fire that day, but he saved his life and now he is â€Å"waiting for him†. After he â€Å"killed† his friends, the first thing he did was to cut his hair. In that moment a part of the Indian in him died. Then, he hid in the alcohol but he couldn’t bear living there anymore so he had to leave. And â€Å"when Indians leave, they don’t come back.†. He didn’t want to leave his son, but he had nothing else to do. But not a single day passed without having his son in mind. He talked with the others about him, he rec alled his victories, he even told lies, all because he was so proud of his son. These were things that Victor didn’t know about his father but which helped him understand why he had chosen to live far from him. On returning home, feeling that he owed Thomas something for helping fund their trip to Phoenix , Victor offers Thomas half his fathers ashes. Thomas accepts the gift and tells a story: Im going to travel to Spokane Falls one last time and toss these ashes into the water. And your father will rise like a salmon, leap over the bridge, over me, and find his way home. It will be beautiful. His teeth will shine like silver, like a rainbow. He will rise, Victor, he will rise. In the end Thomas and Victor manage to discover themselves and to surpass this confusion regarding their identity induced by the stereotypical image the others have of them. Thomas helps Victor to abandon the father who has abandoned him, and to think of his father in a cultural way , â€Å"to reinterpret his father as a cultural tie, a point of continuity with the past, a fusion of historical memory and subjectivity (Said 158) that never stops, that, like the mythic phoenix, will always rise, a continual story of self emerging from the ash of older stories (98).†( Jerome DeNuccio). In the book Sherman Alexie managed to accomplish a criticism of the stereotypical portrayal of the Indian life more freely than in the movie which encountered the commercial pressure and both the director and the writer had to limit themselves in what they had to say. Bibliography: www.lib.rcsu.edu http://wsws.org/arts/1998/nov1998/smo-n20.shtml http://angam.ang.univie.ac.at http://rogerebert.suntimes.com Jerome DeNuccio, Critique (Atlanta, Ga.) 44 no1 86-96 Fall 2002 Research Papers on The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven versus Smoke SignalsWhere Wild and West MeetHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionMind TravelPETSTEL analysis of IndiaPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Essay19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementThe Spring and Autumn

Definition and Examples of Peer Response in Composition

Definition and Examples of Peer Response in Composition In composition studies, peer response is a form of collaborative learning in which writers meet (usually in small groups, either face-to-face or online) to respond to one anothers work. Also called peer review and peer feedback.In Steps to Writing Well (2011), Jean Wyrick summarizes the nature and purpose of peer response in an academic setting: By offering reactions, suggestions, and questions (not to mention moral support), your classroom colleagues may become some of your best writing teachers. The pedagogy of student collaboration and peer response has been an established field in composition studies since the late 1970s. See the observations below. Also see: Collaborative WritingAudienceAudience AnalysisAudience Analysis ChecklistFeedbackHolistic GradingImplied AudienceOnline Journals for Composition InstructorsRevisionWriting CenterWriting PortfolioWriting Process Observations The teacherless writing class . . . tries to take you out of darkness and silence. It is a class of seven to twelve people. It meets at least once a week. Everyone reads everyone elses writing. Everyone tries to give each writer a sense of how his words were experienced. The goal is for the writer to come as close as possible to being able to see and experience his own words through seven or more people. Thats all.(Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers. Oxford University Press, 1973; rev. ed. 1998)Writing collaboratively has all the characteristics that theorists of cognitive development maintain are essential for the intellectual commitments of adulthood: The experience is personal. The response groups promote intellectual risk-taking within a community of support. They allow students to focus on issues that invite the application of academic knowledge to significant human problems. Thinking and writing are grounded in discussion and debate. Reading and responding to peers writing a sks for interpersonal and personal resolution of multiple frames of reference. In this sense, collaborative writing courses at all levels provide an essential opportunity to practice becoming members of an intellectual, adult community.(Karen I. Spear, Peer Response Groups in Action: Writing Together in Secondary Schools. Boynton/Cook, 1993) Peer Review Guidelines for the ReviewerIf you are the reviewer, remember that the writer has spent a long time on this work and is looking to you for constructive help, not negative comments. . . . In that spirit, offer suggestions about how to revise some of the awkward places, rather than merely listing them. Instead of saying This opener doesnt work! indicate why it doesnt work and offer possible alternatives. . . .It is also important that you try to read the piece from the point of view of the intended audience. Do not try to reformulate a technical report into a novel or vice versa. . . .As you read, make no comments to the authorsave them for later. If you need to ask the writer for clarification of the prose, that is likely a flaw in the writing and needs to be noted for discussion after you have finished reading the entire piece.(Kristin R. Woolever, About Writing: A Rhetoric for Advanced Writers. Wadsworth, 1991)Students gain confidence, perspective, and critical thinking s kills from being able to read texts by peers on similar tasks. Students get more feedback on their writing than they could from the teacher alone.Students get feedback from a more diverse audience bringing multiple perspectives.Students receive feedback from nonexpert readers on ways in which their texts are unclear as to ideas and language.Peer review activities build a sense of classroom community.Benefits and Pitfalls of Peer Response[A] number of practical benefits of peer response for L2 [second-language] writers have been suggested by various authors:On the other hand, researchers, teachers, and student writers themselves have identified potential and actual problems with peer response. The most prominent complaints are that student writers do not know what to look for in their peers writing and do not give specific, helpful feedback, that they are either too harsh or too complimentary in making comments, and that peer feedback activities take up too much classroom time (or the corollary complaint that not enough time is allotted by teache rs and the students feel rushed).(Dana Ferris, Response to Student Writing: Implications for Second Language Students. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003) Also Known As: peer feedback, peer review, collaboration, peer criticism, peer evaluation, peer critique

Blog 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Blog 3 - Essay Example To the contemporary period in which we live in, the two quotes, that is, the Quran verse and the Hadith by Prophet Muhammad play, as they were initially intended, to put greater emphasis on the need for human brotherhood and the practicing of the virtues of goodness of good actions. Essentially human beings are known to have a moral sense of ensuring that they live peacefully amongst themselves and in the current context of the life we live, the Quran verse and the Hadith from the prophet implore us to love each other and help each other (Gauss145-152). The current times are full of various evil deeds propagated by human beings; hence, it would only be essential that brotherhood among human beings is encouraged. As a virtue, the brotherhood will enable one to restrain from doing bad towards another but, only practice good actions (Gauss 102-109). Therefore, this elaborates on the significance of human morality in the former and current

Tanning. Why do people still tan after knowing all the bad effects Essay

Tanning. Why do people still tan after knowing all the bad effects - Essay Example Within the same era as that of Shakespeare, Elizabeth I passed away from white lead cosmetics. Such concept of beauty was also prevalent in Europe during much of the 18th and 19th centuries. This was because tanned skin signifies manual labor, of people who toil under the sun, the fair skinned people were regarded as the elite of the society. However, it was only when the labor practice has changed, where indoor work had become a norm, that tanned skinned became a trademark of people who can afford to do it for leisure purposes. Iconic figure Coco Channel during the 1920's accidentally acquired a tan during one of her holidays. This has had ignited a fad among fair skinned people to get themselves tanned. ( Wikipedia ) The first and the most common is sunburn, where the usual symptoms are marked by the redness of skin and peeling that takes places after a few days of too much sun exposure. This is described to be as a short-term skin damage. The next problem encountered is the premature aging or photoaging. ... Another one that is most dreaded by all is skin cancer. One type is called melanoma which is considered to be the less common but dangerous form of skin cancer that can cause death. UV radiation causes cancer in two ways : 1. By damaging DNA cells that will cause abnormal growth in the skin, that could be benign or malignant, and 2. by making the immune system weak that leads to the inability of the body to defend itself from aggressive cancer cells. Another kind of growth named actinic or solar keratoses is a concern because it has the tendency to develop into cancer cells. Then another risk which most people are not aware of is eye damage. This happens when the eyes weren't protected from the heat of the sun. It causes cataract characterized by the clouding of the lens of the eyes thereby blocking one's vision. Lastly, most people regardless of the race or skin color will most like suffer from immune suppression where the body's natural defenses to fight against diseases were compromised. Apparently, weak immune system makes one susceptible to different diseases where one of them could be skin cancer. (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) Reasons Why People Tan Despite Risks Robin Hornung and Solmaz Poorsattar, students of the University of Washington, conducted a study among 385 UW students about their tanning behaviors. It was revealed that 75% of the students do tanning in order to look good and 41% specified it is a relaxation technique. Due to these reasons, students strive to achieve their aim that the researchers described it to be an addictive behavior. ( Paras ) Steven Feldman, a lead researcher for the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center , said that they believed that tanning has a

Study of Organized Retail in Rural Indian Markets

Study of Organized Retail in Rural Indian Markets Shubham Kumar Retailing accounts for around 10% of the Indian GDP and the Indian retail market is estimated to be worth around US $600 billion in 2015 and to reach US$1.3 trillion by 2020. It is also one of the fastest in the world in terms of growth and already consists of 1.2 billion people. In order to understand the standing of organized retailing in the rural Indian markets, one must first understand what is meant by organized retailing itself. 1.1 Organized Retailing   Ã‚   With more than 15 million owner manned mom-and-pop stores, India is often called a nation of shopkeepers. This is referred to as unorganized retailing and it refers to the traditional formats of low-cost retailing such as the local corner shops, owner manned general stores, paan/beedi shops, convenience stores, hand carts and pavement vendors, etc. On the other hand, organized retailing refers to trading activities undertaken by licensed retailers who are registered for sales tax, income tax, etc. These include the publicly traded supermarkets, corporate-backed hypermarkets and retail chains, and also the privately owned large retail businesses. The face of retailing in India was changed by the emergence of organized retail formats along with a shift in the Indian consumers attitude. The above figure shows the evolution of the Indian retail market. However, organized retailing in the Indian markets has mostly been in the urban regions and the overall Organized Retail Penetration (ORP) is low at 8% (in 2015) showing that a lot of potential still exists. 1.2 Organized Retailing in Rural Indian Markets The unorganized retailers hold advantages such as being personal, strong relationships, serving as points of news, offering credit and helping the people in difficult times. Further, they understand the local requirements and offer low prices as they have low overheads. By 2012, urban Indian markets was where 85% of the organized retailing took place in India. However, with a lot of foreign players entering, limited and expensive desirable real estate and foreign investment restrictions have pushed the Indias retail market closer to maturity. The rural Indian market on the other hand, consists of 833,087,662 people (68.84% of total) living in around 6,40,867 villages. Development of the rural market began after the Green Revolution when the demand for farm inputs like hybrids seeds and fertilisers began rising. Yet only a small part of the vast rural market remains covered by organized retailers such as DCM Shrirams Hariyali, HULs Project Shakti and ITCs e-Choupal. The following figure shows the evolution of the different retailing formats in the rural markets: Organized retailing offers certain advantages such as operating in a large scale with multiple outlets, being highly efficient and hold high bargaining power over suppliers due to their volume purchases. In addition to these advantages, following are some drivers which are fueling organized retailing in the rural markets: 2.1 Scope This study looks at various secondary sources of information regarding the major players involved in organized retailing in the rural Indian markets. An analysis of their marketing mix along with their strategies is done and the opportunities and challenges for retailing in these markets are identified. Following are the organized retailing entities covered as a part of this study: Warana Bazar Godrej Aadhaar ITC e-Choupal Caupal Sagar HUL Shakti DSCL Hariyali Kisaan Bazaar 2.2 Major Organized Retailers in Rural India Due to its vast potential and growth, the rural Indian market has been successful in attracting many large corporate houses and come up with innovative means to cater to their needs. Some of these firms include international players such as HUL, ITC, Gilette etc. While some of these initiatives were successful, some were not able to gain enough traction. 2.2.1 Warana Bazar Warana Bazar (WB) was founded in the year 1976 and started operating in 1978 in Warana, Maharashtra. It operates as a consumer co-operative store and has become immensely successful. By 2015, WB had 2 large departmental stores, 55 branches and 3 franchisees in 101 villages spread across Kolhapur and Sangli in Maharashtra in addition to being present in Goa and Karnataka. The yearly turnover reached à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹132 crores with a daily turnover of more than à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹35 lakhs powered by only 610 employees and 24,000 members. The stores provided 30,000 different types of goods across 24 sections. They also eliminated the middlemen by purchasing 70% of the goods directly from the manufacturers or from authorized stockists and agents. The goods were priced cheaper than anywhere else, suggesting an everyday low pricing policy. In addition to this, innovative ideas have proven to be crucial in the success of WB. They educated the customers about spurious goods and in addition to this, it felicitates the mothers around Warananagar who give birth to a girl child in order to help improve the sex ratio. Vilasrao. A training center coined Tatyasaheb Kore Consumers Cooperative Training Centre was also established in 1996 to gain access to trained salesmen. 2.2.2 Godrej-Future Group: Aadhaar Stores Godrej Aadhaar (GA), the agri services cum retail initiative of Godrej Agrovet Ltd., a subsidiary of Godrej Industries Ltd., came into operation in December 2003 by opening a center at Manchar, Pune in Maharashtra. Initially, the Aadhaar stores were owned and operated by Godrej Agrovet itself. After a joint venture with the Future Group in 2008, some company-owned outlets were closed and expanded through franchisees. By 2012, it entered the cash-and-carry business selling to wholesalers and Aadhaar outlets. By 2013, there were 45 Aadhaar outlets in Punjab and Gujarat. Image 1: An Aadhar store in Punjab Initially, 1/3rd of the overall sales of Aadhar outlets came from farm inputs, while the rest came equally from apparel, consumer durables and consumer goods. Since then, the share of farm inputs has decreased and presently, more than 90% of the sales came from groceries and consumer goods. Rekhi says. The new strategies have yielded results, and Aadhaar was looking to break even. 2.2.3 ITC Ltd.: e-Choupal Choupal Saagar ITC Ltd. Launched e-Choupal and later Choupal Saagar as a part of the e-Choupal initiative. E-choupals are small kiosks across the agricultural regions of India having computers and internet access and run by a Sanchalak (trained fanner). These kiosks enabled the local farmers to obtain information on wholesale prices, good farming practices, and to place orders for agricultural inputs. In 2004, Indias biggest cigarette maker, ITC, opened its first rural hypermarket Choupal Saagar. By 2007, it had 24 such outlets in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh, and by 2013, 21 of these were earning profits. Though it plans to have 100 such store, ITC has not expanded further yet. Choupal Saagar, is essentially a hub with collection and storage facilities and a unique rural hypermarket offering multiple services all in one place. Choupal Saagars also include farmer facilitation centers with services such as sourcing, training, soil testing, health clinic, cafeteria, banking, investment services, fuel station etc. Image 2: A typical Choupal Sagar store. Before launching Choupal Saagar, ITC first had to developed the market. This was done by using the its e-Choupal linkages to buy agricultural produce from farmers helping them increase their productivity and incomes by removing the middlemen and empowering them. After this, Choupal Saagar stores were launched to sell a variety of products and services including farm inputs, consumer goods and consumer durables, apparel and fuel. These stores were located near the stock points of ITCs e-Choupals, ensuring that there existed 1 Choupal Sagar around 25-30 e-Choupals. The farmers could come in, sell their produce, receive cash and then spend it to buy other products at the same place. Thus, the sustainability of this model was ensured. ITC then took this model a step further by introducing Choupal Fresh in 2006 in Hyderabad. The Choupal Fresh would complete the supply chain which begins at the e-Choupals by offering the urban consumers fresh fruits, vegetables and other farm products. 2.2.4 HUL: Project Shakti Project Shakti was started to reach the massive under-served rural Indian markets which could not be economically and effectively reached through traditional methods. In these remote villages, HUL identified underprivileged women and trained them to become Shakti Entrepreneurs (SEs) i.e. distributors of HUL products in villages, in the process enabling them to earn a sustainable income through this business. Initially, the women were trained to be entrepreneurs and were called Shakti ammas, and in the later stages, this was augmented by the addition of Shaktimaan or the male members who helped in the distribution of the HUL products and further increased the income. Considerable resources are invested by HUL to train the villagers to become entrepreneurs, thus, besides being a sales, distribution and communication initiative, Shakti also serves as a micro-enterprise initiative improving the standards of life and providing employment opportunities. HUL is benefitted as the project helps enhance HULs direct rural reach and enables better communication of HULs brands effectively in media-dark regions. In 2001, Project Shakti started from 17 SEs in a single state and by 2008, it had grown to more than 45,000 SEs. Additional projects associated with Project Shakti are Shakti Day, i-Shakti Unit and Shakti Vani Programme. 2.2.5 DSCL: Hariyali Kisaan Bazaar DCM Shriram Consolidated Ltd (DSCL) Hariyali stores were started in 2002 selling farm products, groceries and household goods. In 6 years, it operated 300 stores in India and became the largest rural retail chain. Each Hariyali Kisaan Bazaar operated in an area of 20 kms., catering to agricultural land of about 50,000-70,000 acres touching approx. 15,000 farmers. The value proposition was that of Unnati Ghar Sansaar and Gaon providing valuable technical assistance, soil water testing services, retailing agricultural inputs, facilitating the farmers with credit and providing a platform to the farmers to sell their produce, crop finance, transfer information on weather, price of the products based on demand and supply, all under one roof. It had collaborations with the likes of Tata Agrico, Bajaj Allianz Life, Apollo Pharmacy, Eicher Motors and HDFC Bank. However, the rural market presents a lot of challenges for organized retailing and not all players have been able to succeed in this venture. Revenues kept on increasing at a good rate but the business was not able to earn a profit which caused DSCL to reevaluate its strategy. First, it slowed down expansion and later it shut down some stores and finally after 10 years of trying, it exited the business. Presently, it sells only petroleum products sourced from Bharat Petroleum at 37 locations in the countryside dropping the revenues but also limiting the losses. An ex-employee of said that the outlet didnt offer any discounts and, unlike local grocery stores, didnt sell on credit which might be the main reasons behind its collapse. Image 3: A closed Hariyali store in Haryanas Ladwa village. 3.1 Challenges for Organized Retailing in Rural Indian Markets Typical problems of retailing in rural markets: Low disposable incomes Illiteracy and low awareness Higher overhead costs Fluctuating demand that depends on the monsoon Diverse buying habits Difficulty in competing with mom-and-pop stores 3.2 Distribution and Logistics Models The typical distribution models and hub and spoke model do not always succeed in the rural markets and are very expensive to implement. Taking the example of HUL, taking its huge product portfolio to the remotest of villages was a big challenge. However, the company realized that the conventional hub-and-spoke distribution model which it used to great effect in both urban and semi-urban markets would turn out to be very expensive when penetrating the smaller scattered villages. Hence, it came up with Project Shakti and created local entrepreneurs using self-help groups. This developmental approach made sure that even the remotest of villages could be reached and the market developed without a large investment in the distribution infrastructure. On the other hand, Haryali Kisaan Bazaar was not successful as it could not implement such cost-effective and innovative distribution models, therefore failing to keep its costs low and earn a profit. The sustainability of organized retailing in the rural markets depends upon the ability of the firms to come up with innovative distribution and logistics models such as using public distribution stores, distribution vans, non-government organizations etc. Yet another example can be taken of ITCs Choupal Sagar which used technology to reduce its costs as well as empower the farmers by enabling them to get better deals for their produce. 3.3 Ensuring Sustainability through Market Development In order to generate sales in the remote rural markets, they must be first developed so that the consumers have the required knowledge to find value from the product and the disposable income to be able to afford the product. Organized retail however, does not help in increasing the rural incomes but only meets the consumption requirements. This makes the business models unsustainable. In order to sustain, the organized retailers must simultaneously work to develop these markets by implementing innovative ideas. Looking at ITC, it did not straight away establish the Choupal Sagar stores, instead ITC focused on developing linkages through its e-Choupal program first. It developed a strong network to buy agricultural products from farmers and improve productivity, helping raise their incomes and in the process, reduce its procurement costs. It was after establishing the e-Choupals and a certain level of trust with the rural markets that ITC went on to launch the Choupal Sagar stores which sold a variety of products and services to these rural markets. HULs Project Shakti also ensured sustainability by ensuring the development of the markets through self-help groups called the Shakti Markets. Similarly, Warana Bazar being a consumer co-operative store also helped in the development of the rural markets. Due to a lack of substantial developmental efforts, organized retailers such as the Hariyali Kisaan Bazar and Aadhar Stores have run into trouble, unable to make profits and sustain the business. While the Hariyali Kisaan Bazar have been reduced to selling fuel products, Aadhar Stores have had to shut down a lot of stores and recreate its product mix. Franchises are an attractive way of expanding organized retail stores as local franchisees are better at maintaining customer relationships as they understand the local consumption patterns better. References Equbal, D. S. (2012, January). Organized Retailing in India: Challenges and Opportunities. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 02(01), 281-291. Govt. of India. (2011). Rural Urban Distribution of Population. Census of India 2011. Haidar, P. (2015, July). Modern Rural Marketing Network. Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development, XXV(01), 91-102. India Brand Equity Foundation. (2017). Retail Industry in India. Jain, V. (2016, August). Challenges for Organized Retailing in India. International Journal of Research in Commerce Management, 07(08), 45-46. Poonam Talwar, S. S. (2011, July Dec.). Retailing Prospects in Rural Market. International Journal of Computer Science and Communication, 02(02), 527-529. Surajit Dey, D. S. (2012, Nov. Dec.). Organized Retail in the Rural Markets in India. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 06(01), 16-25.

Access to the Bendee Essay

The availability of relevant local culture, indigenous practices and knowledge combined with new ideas in technology and science can generate successful sustainable community development through innovation. Indigenous knowledge will not only contribute to the success of intervention, but better still its sustainability into the future. Numerous indigenous communities worldwide have always developed, operated and acted to different life challenges using indigenous methods passed on from one generation to the next. Our main focus in this paper will be to study and design a simple bridge, highlighting the use of relevant traditional and indigenous knowledge and cultural heritage amongst the Aboriginal people and technology to create a way across the Nebine Creek. Introduction Access to the Bendee Downs site requires vehicles to cross the Nebine Creek which remains impassable during the wet seasons. The site is a ten hour car trip from Brisbane, the closest city with a major airport, and can be accessed via the Murra Murra Road off the Balonne Highway or the Munda Munda Road and east via Fernlee Road. See more: Analysis of Starbucks coffee company employees essay Nebine River is approximately twenty meters wide. The bridge design would respect the Nebine Creek’s cultural importance to the Kooma People; it provides a place where they can identify with their homeland and share their culture hence should be protected (EWB Challenge, 2010). The property has become a conservation icon for the region due to its conservation values. About 40km of the Nebine Creek flow through the properties and it has a 4km permanent waterhole behind the old homestead. During the rainy seasons, the wetlands render the river impassable yet still it hosts a vast diversity of birds and fauna hence rendering it regionally, nationally and internationally valuable (EWB Challenge, 2010). Our design had to borrow much from the indigenous knowledge of the local community in conserving the site to design a technologically sound bridge. The following were considered in the design process: †¢ The maximum load it can support at the middle. †¢ The maximum load divided by the weight of the bridge (a measure of efficient use of materials) †¢ Aesthetic appeal of the final project to give the conservation efforts a boost. †¢ The materials to be used. We settled on locally available materials like wood to make it affordable and to make use of indigenous knowledge. The design process was geared towards solving the problem of impassable road by building a beam wooden bridge that would be capable to allow even small vehicles to go across. This was supposed to present a creative solution and involve teamwork in implementing the design. Background Information Indigenous knowledge, sometimes referred to as ‘local knowledge’, ‘traditional science’ or ‘folk knowledge’ is a form of knowledge that is unique to a culture or society. It is passed from generation to generation by word of mouth and cultural rituals and has been applied in almost all forms of life including cooking, health care, agriculture, conservation, education and several other facets of life that have sustained societies the world over. The indigenous way of practical learning has been interrupted by the abstract form of formal and academic way of learning witnessed presently (Fien, 2010). As the indigenous knowledge disappears, with it goes the valuable knowledge about ways of living sustainably. In order to fulfil our objective of the design project, first we sought to find how the Aborigines lived and travelled in the past. This we did to help us understand the local conditions and provide a productive context for our design to help the community. Traditionally Aboriginal people carried as little as possible in their journeys and usually chose implements which were multi-purpose. They would revisit favourite campsites of previous years where they had left that were too heavy to carry. These items would be left closer to water so that it wouldn’t need to be carried far. The women carried items on their heads and would make a ring shaped cushion of human hair, manguri, to wear when carrying heavy loads such as a big wooden dish etc. Men sometimes after hunting would carry a kangaroo on their heads. They carried their babies in a pouch in the back of a possum skin cloak (Berowra Valley Regional Park, 2010). This knowledge was very important in choosing the best type of bridge. Types of Bridges Several types of bridges are in existence today such as: Beam Bridges, Box Girder Bridges, Arch Bridges, Truss Bridges, Suspension Bridges, Cable Stayed Bridges. Examples of these bridges are included in the appendix Beam Bridges A beam bridge is very simple. The farther apart its supports are, the weaker it becomes. Although the beam needs careful design, it is cheap and easy to manufacture but this compromises on its beauty. Box Girder Bridges This is similar to the beam bridge but with a girder, box shaped, which makes it stronger. The girder needs careful design; it is cheap and easy to manufacture but not very beautiful. The performance of a beam bridge can be improved by using supports i. e. arches, trusses, cables. Arch Bridges Being one of the oldest types of bridge, they have great natural strength. Instead of pushing straight down, its weight is carried outward along the curve of the arch to the supports at each end. These supports or abutments carry the load and keep its ends from spreading out. Although they are heavy, they are strong if well designed and can be very beautiful. Truss Bridges Truss bridges are mostly empty space, but very effective. They are made of thin triangulated assemblies of metal members. They have a very good strength to weight performance and can be incorporated into any design. They are usually very beautiful. Suspension Bridges A suspension bridge as its name suggests, suspends the roadway from huge main cables extending from one end of the bridge to the other. All the highly stressed parts of a suspension bridge are in tension apart from the towers. These cables which rest on top of towers are secured at each end by anchorages. They have a high aesthetic value, are light and strong. They span greater distances, are expensive and are susceptible to wobble if designed improperly. Cable-Stayed Bridges The cables are attached to the towers which bear the load alone. They are very beautiful and require less cable. They are easier and faster to build but require stronger towers. Core Material – The design process Design of an arch bridge. Initially, a suspension bridge and other options were considered but because of the sandy nature of the place and foundation limitations, we decided on an arch bridge. We set to design a timber bridge over the Nebine Creek not only capable of carrying pedestrians and animals but also motor vehicles. This bridge would be built on concrete and stone abutments for the many girder span designed. Instead of pushing straight down, the weight of the bridge (mainly made of laminated softwood) is carried outward along the curve of the arch to the supports at each end. These supports or abutments carry the load and keep its ends from spreading out. The abutments should carry a span of 22 meters. Four pairs of wooden beams, running lengthwise to the in relation to the bridge i. e. ‘longitudinal’, will rest on hammerhead bearings. The wooden beams are made of wooden pieces put in layers and glued together to form a larger beam. The layers, which are glued laminated wooden beams to make them more durable, are laid horizontally to form the main beam. Each pair measures 1 meter by 0. 5 meters, 15 centimetres thick. The span is 22 meters. The beams are to be made of softwoods like pine which are readily available in the community. To hold the pieces together firmly, metal brackets would be used to bolt the pieces together. On top of the stringers, small pieces of timber would be laid across and a coating of asphalt pavement would provide the road wearing surface. Since the stream has high banks and can hold rising waters caused by a flash flood during the rainy season, a concrete and stone arch bridge was chosen. The goal was to maintain the level of the road to allow for maximum potential stream flow. Traditionally, each family amongst the Aboriginal people would have a canoe, made from a single sheet of bark heated under low temperatures and then bent into shape. These canoes were used for fishing and crossing rivers especially during the rainy seasons. A base of clay built in the bottom of the canoe, would be used to light fire to cook some of the fish caught from the river. The remainder of the fish would be brought ashore to be shared amongst the rest of the people. Crossing rivers, they would put logs across minor streams and sometimes large rocks would be used (Berowra Valley Regional Park, 2010). Examples of these are shown in the appendix. A simple model would be made of wood to test the usability of the bridge. A bridge plan diagram was drawn to determine the amount necessary; this was done by tracing on the arch at the bottom with a pencil. On the model, an allowance of 10 inches is left from the end of the boards on the bottom cut to allow plenty of support on the stringers to carry the weight of the bridge. The amount of arch on the model was determined by using tack and string to make the arch. Wood glue is used to attach the pieces together, the cut out pieces are attached to the top of the stringer with a bead of wood glue and small screws (they are put on the underside so that they do not show. The pieces are then brought together to form the model beam.

The Pros And Cons Of Vaccinations - 1465 Words

In the past, Americans did not have much say in their own health care. In today’s time, with the advent of new health-care bills and peaked interest in personal well being, Americans are now anxious to determine for themselves what they need to maintain their own and their loved ones’ health. However, there are still government-regulated requirements for people of all ages in regards to keeping the general public healthy. Vaccinations have always been a topic of contention in regards to younger children, but have been a staple of health for older adults. In fact, college requirements for vaccinations are mandatory, and failure to get the proper vaccines before college starts could result in holds on college students’ accounts or delays in†¦show more content†¦The growth of health care activities since then has truly encouraged patients to reach for information outside the confines of patient and physician interaction. Revolutionary new technology such as cell phones and computers, as well as the development of the Internet and social media sites, has served as where a vast majority of the public finds current knowledge for their problems. Nonetheless, due to the new social media sites spreading and intensifying the already established decades of perceived negative health effects and widespread misinformation, the overall conversation regarding the issue has only continued to grow, and vaccines are still scrutinized greatly within public contention. With these new social media sites, a new kind of panic has grown, as Mark Largent, a professor at Michigan State University, addresses these issues in his novel, â€Å"Keep Out of Reach of Children.† He recognizes in his work that a part of the main arguments against vaccines are due to religious or philosophical reasons, or that they are unsafe. Parents argue that vaccines could potentially cause autism, other health defects, and could lead to the harm for their children (Navin). However, he quickly rejects the idea andShow MoreRelatedVaccination Pros And Cons878 Words   |  4 Pagesmakes vaccination controversial; is it the risk of the drug’s side effect? The ingredients used to create the drug? Do the Pros outweigh the Cons? How effective are vaccines? The debate about giving the vaccine to children are the group that is anti-vaccination â€Å"say that children’s immune systems can deal with most infections naturally and that injecting questionable vaccine ingredients into a child may cause side effects, including seizures, paralysis, and death.† The group for vaccination arguesRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccinations1285 Words   |  6 Pages Vaccinations are a heavily debated topic in society today. Vaccinations have long been defined as a successful health measure, but the safety of vaccines raise concerns among many parents. According to Glanz et al., â€Å"The issue of vaccine hesitancy can be examined from several different angles, many of which point to the delicate balance between personal liberty and public health† (2). Personal rights and public health concerns, collide on this subject. Many parents wan t to decide if their childrenRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination750 Words   |  3 PagesBenefits and Dangers of Vaccinations There are many types of vaccinations used for many types of illnesses. They can vary from some small illness to a deadly illness that is very contagious. Some vaccinations are used for DPT (Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus), Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis and MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella). There are many pros of vaccinations. One of them is most healthcare professionals believe ion their effectiveness. It is believed that vaccinations are the cause of aRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1665 Words   |  7 PagesVaccinations, Worth A Shot! Mandated Vaccinations are a huge argument right now because of health and disease issues. There are people on both sides of this argument. Some people are against vaccinating their children because they feel they are being forced to have their child get vaccinated. While some people feel the need that vaccinations are important to protect themselves from any illness or diseases. Vaccinations should be mandatory for all schools and health care purposes. For one, peopleRead MorePros and Cons to Vaccination in Children1750 Words   |  7 PagesSeptember 1st 2014 Pros and Cons to Vaccinations in Children Almost everyone has heard of the benefits and dangers of childhood vaccines. Parents are especially eager to do what is best for their child to protect him or her. Some people have different opinions on what the best specifically entails when it comes to childhood vaccines. Vaccinations are a controversial discussion as parents question whether it should be mandatory or optional when they feel the cons outweigh the pros. The government saysRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccination1037 Words   |  5 Pageswith autism or a deceased child because you refused to vaccinate? Chances are, you would prefer to have a child with autism. There are parents who have read articles falsely linking vaccines to autism causing them to make the decision to deny vaccinations. Their refusal not only puts their child at risk, but other children surrounding them. Their denial erases the long-standing history of saving lives and the eradication of deadly diseases around the world. This also undermines the research andRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccination1011 Words   |  5 PagesVaccinations have gone through opposition and critics, but for the most part legislation has been slow, but treated vaccination fairly. To this day vaccination still faces many of the challenges that it faced in the early nineteenth century. The reasons have gone from personal freedom issues and just the overall effectiveness of mass immunization. The courts in the nineteenth century typically supported the enactment of mandatory vaccination programs. Most importantly for the future of mandatoryRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1241 Words   |  5 Pagescausing adverse effects and conditions. A world without vaccines would be full of illness and diseases. Thanks to vaccines a lot of diseases are almost gone from the U.S. today. According to CDC, in 1979, Japan decided to reduce their pertussis vaccinations and as a result they suffered a major epidemic resulting in 13,000 cases of whooping cough and 41 deaths. In 1981 they began vaccinating again and the number of pertussis cases dropped. This research reveals the importance of vaccines and how theyRead MoreDiscussing the Pros and Cons of Vaccinations673 Words   |  3 PagesDiscussing the Pros And Cons Of Vacciniations Thesis: Vaccinations have many benefits including the prevention of certain diseases but they also can cause issues and be very riskful in using them to treat or prevent a disease. Some of these issues include the ethic dilemma behind the subject. Introduction: Vaccines are among the most affordable and successful public health tools for preventing disease, disability, and sometimes death. Not only do they protect a vaccinated individual from developingRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1843 Words   |  8 PagesVaccinations first surfaced during the turn of the 19th century. It is currently a law that all school aged children receive a specific list of vaccinations in order to attend a school system of any kind. While the requirements in America are general consistent from state to state, they do vary slightly across one another. Although it is required, there is a list of exemptions that would allow parents to send their children to school without receiving the required immunizations. An example of the

Pregnancy Discrimination Act - 1510 Words

Women are continually entering the workforce in various sectors. Working women face challenges in the workplace including unequal pay, sexual harassment, and promotion issues. One particular challenge women face is the fundamental right to have a family, which includes the Pregnancy Discrimination Act. Managers in every organization should be familiar with this important act and the associated legal issues. In this paper, I will discuss the Pregnancy Discrimination Act by reviewing the history, presenting the employers and employees perspective, and I will conclude with suggestions for all managers and employers. History In 1976 the United States Supreme Court held that an employers failure to provide disability benefits to†¦show more content†¦Also, Troupe is considered an employee at will because she does not have an employment contract. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act does not allow Troupe to receive more special treatment than another employee, just because she is pregnant. However, she is protected by the Pregnancy Discrimination Act to receive the same rights as other individuals who are not pregnant. Troupe v. May Dept Stores Co., No. 93-2523, UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT, 20 F.3d 734; 738 (7th Cir. 1994). Employee Perspective Definition The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (42 U.S.C.  § 2000(e)(k)) explicitly states: The terms because of sex or on the basis of sex include, but are not limited to, because of or on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions shall be treated the same for all employment related purposes, including receipt of benefits under fringe benefit programs, as other persons not so affected but similar in their ability or inability to work and nothing in section 2000e-2(h) of this title shall be interpreted to permit otherwise. As stated in the amendment, pregnant employees have the same rights as other non-pregnant employees. There are several examples of the pregnant employees rights including medical coverage and benefits, employment continuance rather than termination, and promotions or pay increase. Case examples For example in Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co. v.Show MoreRelatedPregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978983 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 Michelle C. Nelson Strayer University: Human Resource Management - BUS310002016*201004 Instructor: Carol G. Durst-Wertheim, Ph.D. Abstract The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 is an amendment to the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces the Pregnancy Discrimination Act. Under the act, an employer cannot lawfully refuse to hire a womanRead MorePregnancy Discrimination Act Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pagesdifficult for families based on a single income. This economic need along with modern attitudes toward gender equality has resulted in women being represented in the workforce in greater numbers. However, until the 1960’s women faced severe discrimination when trying to enter and maintain a position in the workforce. Often qualified women would be passed over for men with less experience and education. Employers were fearful that women were too emotional and were not equipped to handle theRead MoreThe Equal Opportunity Within A Work Place, The Pregnancy Discrimination Act Of The 1964 Civil Rights Act Essay2201 Words   |  9 Pageswill di scuss the Equal Opportunity within a work place, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, Privacy Polices within a work place, and Sexual Harassment within a workplace. Equal Opportunity Laws Title VII The first aspect of Human Resource that will be addressed is equal opportunity and the laws that provide for it. There were several equal opportunity laws enacted from 1964 to 1991. The first of these was Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act which states that â€Å"an employer cannot discriminate on theRead MoreWomen Of The Civil Rights Act Of 19641481 Words   |  6 PagesRights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C.  §Ã‚ § 2000e et seq. (Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) This act is very well-known, prohibiting harassment in the workplace and discrimination. A few years later, on October 31, 1978, President Jimmy Carter signed the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, an amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, into effect. Prohibiting sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. (Occupational Safety Health Guide Series Discrimination LawRead MoreEqual Opportunity Laws Title Vii Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesVII The first aspect of Human Reso urce that will be addressed is equal opportunity and the laws that go along with it. There were several equal opportunity laws enacted from 1964 to 1991. 2 The first of these was Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act which states that â€Å"an employer cannot discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national original with respect to employment† (Dessler, 2013). 3 Title VII applies to employers with 15 or more employees, including state and local governmentsRead MoreEthical Behavior Can Be Defined As Business Principals Essay1178 Words   |  5 Pagesfalsifying reports, stealing, poor working environments, illegal trading and employee discrimination. With the growing number of Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) complaints, this analysis will focus on pregnancy discrimination. In 2007, Peggy Young filed a lawsuit against United Parcel Service, Inc. (UPS) alleging her unfair treatment due to her pregnancy is in violation of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act 1978 (PDA), Young states that UPS refusing to accommodate her lifting restrictionsRead MoreAllen Vs. Isotoner Case Brief Essays1029 Words   |  5 PagesPractices Act, as amended by the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, prohibits an employer from discriminating against a female employee because of or on the basis of lactation. Relevant law associated includes whether Allen established a prima facie case of â€Å"sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy,† or whether she â€Å"was simply and plainly terminated as an employee at will for taking an unauthorized, extra break.† Allen’s original complaint was termination attributable to discrimination, based onRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesmade up of almost half of the employed population but still made of a low percentage of high-ranking jobs. Even though more women were starting to obtain better jobs, they began to suffer from pay discrimination. A law called The Equal Pay of 1963 was passed to protect women from facing pay discrimination, but still did not stop companies from paying women less than men. In 1970, women with the same jobs as men were only paid about 55 percent of men’s pay. Similarly working married women and/or womenRead MoreWomen and the Workplace: Pregnancy Discrimination in the United States3082 Words   |  13 PagesWomen and the workplace: Pregnancy Discrimination in the United States I. Abstract With an increasing number of women entering the workforce, pregnancy discrimination has become a pervasive problem. This paper, which focuses on the United States (US), thus considers the underlying reasons and impacts of this biasness from the perspectives of both employee and employer. It then follows with a study on the legal protections in place to prevent such behaviour. And lastly, it will analyse variousRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Female Athletes2133 Words   |  9 Pagesathletes are afraid of losing their scholarships so they either hide their pregnancy or even have abortions. In 2006 a Clemson athlete found out she was pregnant and was afraid to talk to her coach so she confided in her administrator. The administrator told her if her coach found out she would lose everything, and possible wouldn’t be able to receive her scholarship back. The athlete remembers signing a team document stating; â€Å"Pregnancy resulting in the inability to compete and positively contrib ute to